Diabetes Mellitus Types 1 and 2

Avery

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) involves insulin resistance and progressive beta-cell dysfunction. The LPN must understand the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and nursing management of both types to provide safe, effective patient care.